IMPROVING READING COMPREHENSION SKILLS : EVIDENCE-BASED STRATEGIES FOR EDUCATIONAL PRACTICE

Abstract

Reading comprehension is a foundational skill essential for academic achievement, career success, and lifelong learning. Despite its importance, many learners across all educational levels struggle to understand and retain written information effectively. This paper examines key factors influencing reading comprehension, including prior knowledge, vocabulary proficiency, text structure awareness, and cognitive strategies. It presents evidence-based instructional approaches such as reciprocal teaching, close reading, and metacognitive training, along with empirical findings on their effectiveness. Additionally, the paper discusses the role of technology in enhancing comprehension outcomes and addresses challenges in implementing these strategies in diverse learning environments. Recommendations for educators, curriculum designers, and policymakers are provided to support the development of robust reading comprehension abilities in learners.